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- Government
-
- Long-form name: Republic of Austria.
-
- Type: federal republic.
-
- Capital: Vienna.
-
- Administrative divisions: 9 states (bundeslander, singular--
- bundesland); Burgenland, Karnten, Niederosterreich, Oberosterreich,
- Salzburg, Steiermark, Tirol, Vorarlberg, Wien.
-
- Independence: 12 November 1918 (from Austro-Hungarian Empire).
-
- Constitution: 1920, revised 1929 (reinstated 1945).
-
- Legal system: civil law system with Roman law origin; judicial
- review of legislative acts by a Constitutional Court; separate
- administrative and civil/penal supreme courts; has not accepted
- compulsory ICJ jurisdiction.
-
- National holiday: National Day, 26 October (1955).
-
- Executive branch: president, chancellor, vice chancellor,
- Council of Ministers (cabinet).
-
- Legislative branch: bicameral Federal Assembly (Bundesversammlung)
- consists of an upper council or Federal Council (Bundesrat)
- and a lower council or National Council (Nationalrat).
-
- Judicial branch: Supreme Judicial Court (Oberster Gerichtshof)
- for civil and criminal cases, Administrative Court
- (Verwaltungsgerichtshof) for bureaucratic cases, Constitutional
- Court (Verfassungsgerichtshof) for constitutional cases.
-
- Leaders:
-
- Chief of State--President Kurt WALDHEIM (since 8 July 1986);
-
- Head of Government--Chancellor Franz VRANITZKY (since 16 June 1986);
- Vice Chancellor Josef RIEGLER (since 19 May 1989).
-
- Political parties and leaders: Socialist Party of Austria (SPO),
- Franz Vranitzky, chairman; Austrian People's Party (OVP), Josef
- Riegler, chairman; Freedom Party of Austria (FPO), Jorg Haider,
- chairman; Communist Party (KPO), Franz Muhri, chairman; Green
- Alternative List (GAL), Andreas Wabl, chairman.
-
- Suffrage: universal at age 19; compulsory for presidential
- elections.
-
- Elections:
-
- President--last held 8 June 1986 (next to be held May 1992);
- results of Second Ballot--Dr. Kurt Waldheim 53.89%, Dr. Kurt
- Steyrer 46.11%;
-
- Federal Council--last held 23 November 1986 (next to be
- held November 1990); results--percent of vote by party NA;
- seats--(63 total) OVP 32, SPO 30, FPO 1;
-
- National Council--last held 23 November 1986 (next to be
- held November 1990); results--SP0 43.1%, OVP 41.3%, FPO
- 9.7%, GAL 4.8%, KPO 0.7%, other 0.32%; seats--(183 total)
- SP0 80, OVP 77, FP0 18, GAL 8.
-
- Communists: membership 15,000 est.; activists 7,000-8,000.
-
-
- Other political or pressure groups: Federal Chamber of Commerce
- and Industry; Austrian Trade Union Federation (primarily
- Socialist); three composite leagues of the Austrian People's
- Party (OVP) representing business, labor, and farmers; OVP-oriented
- League of Austrian Industrialists; Roman Catholic Church,
- including its chief lay organization, Catholic Action.
-
- Member of: ADB, Council of Europe, CCC, DAC, ECE, EFTA,
- ESA, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IDB--Inter-American Development Bank,
- IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, ILZSG, IMF,
- IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, ITU, IWC--International Wheat Council,
- OECD, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WSG; Austria
- is neutral and is not a member of NATO or the EC.
-
- Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Friedrich HOESS; Embassy
- at 2343 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington DC 20008; telephone
- (202) 483-4474; there are Austrian Consulates General in
- Chicago, Los Angeles, and New York; US--Ambassador Henry
- A. GRUNWALD; Embassy at Boltzmanngasse 16, A-1091, Vienna
- (mailing address is APO New York 09108); telephone [43]
- (222) 31-55-11; there is a US Consulate General in Salzburg.
-
- Flag: three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red.
-